Physiology Quiz 5 05/04/2016 In 1848, Phineas Gage sustained a brain injury when an iron rod pierced through his left prefrontal cerebral cortex. What do you think was the result? Gage was unable to understand language. Gage was unable to move the right side of his body. Gage was unable to produce language. Gage’s personality, behavior, and psychological state changed. What best describes the Broca’s area? Broca’s area is housed in the temporal and parietal lobes. Broca’s area is usually found in the right cerebral hemisphere. Broca’s area houses personality, decorum, and behavior. Broca’s area is a premotor area for speech sounds. What functional brain system participates in memory, learning, emotion, and behavior? peripheral nervous system medial lemniscal system anterolateral system limbic system The thalamus receives information from all of the following afferent fibers EXCEPT for the sense of: vision. taste. hearing. smell. The hypothalamus functions in: secreting a hormone called melatonin. coordinating movement. sending information to the cerebral cortex. regulating the autonomic nervous system. Todd was startled when the door slammed shut. What part of the brainstem is responsible? midbrain pons medulla thalamus Damage to the substantia nigra of the midbrain would be indicated by problems with: movement. heart rate. sense of smell. respiration. Which of the following should NOT cross the blood-brain barrier with ease? glucose carbon dioxide large, polar molecules lipid-based molecules Sensory information from proprioceptors about joint and muscle positions are carried to the brain by the: reticulospinal tract. anterolateral system (spinothalamic tracts). vestibulospinal tract. spinocerebellar tracts. Heidi sustained damage to her spinal cord in a car accident. She has no difficulty moving her arm, but has lost some sensation in her arm. What part of her spinal cord must have been injured? corticospinal tract of spinal white matter lateral horn of spinal gray matter anterior horn of spinal gray matter posterior horn of spinal gray matter Giada experienced damage to a sensory neuron in the PNS. Which neuron sustained damage? second-order neuron third-order neuron interneuron first-order neuron What provides a link between the nervous system and the endocrine system? cerebellum pons thalamus hypothalamus What part of the brain is the “boss” of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? pons basal nuclei thalamus hypothalamus Cognition is best described as: a reversible and normal suspension of consciousness. recognizing, processing, planning, and responding to stimuli. encoding and storing learned information in our neural circuitry. the ability to comprehend and produce words. What part of the cerebral cortex is responsible for personality, the creation of an awareness of self, and the ability to recognize appropriate behavior? prefrontal cortex parietal association cortex temporal association cortex Wernicke’s area You’ve looked for your keys for the past ten minutes in several different places. The ability to keep track of the places you’ve already looked is stored in: long-term memory. short-term (working) memory. immediate memory. long-term potentiation (LTP). The cerebellum functions in: the planning and coordination of movement. learning, memory, and personality. biological rhythms. homeostatic functions such as breathing and heart rate. Which of the following is controlled by the somatic motor division? skeletal muscle cardiac muscle smooth muscle glands Which neuroglial cell helps form the blood-brain barrier? oligodendrocyte astrocyte ependymal cell satellite cell Because of their ability to rapidly divide during brain injury, which type of neuroglial cell would be more likely to form a brain tumor? Schwann cell ependymal cell oligodendrocyte astrocyte Ependymal cells: circulate cerebrospinal fluid. form myelin in the brain and spinal cord. serve as wandering phagocytes during brain injury. help form the blood-brain barrier. What type of ion channels is always open? local regulated active leak If a resting axon increases its permeability to sodium ions: the influx of sodium ions will increase and the membrane will depolarize. the membrane potential will repolarize. the membrane potential will hyperpolarize. the outward movement of sodium ions will decrease. What is more likely to promote an action potential? hyperpolarization absolute refractory period depolarization repolarization Voltage-gated sodium channels have both an activation gate and: an inactivation gate. a leak gate. a swinging gate. a threshold gate. The same ________ can have different effects depending on the properties of the ________. substrate; enzyme receptor; neurotransmitter neurotransmitter; receptor hormone; neurotransmitter After acetylcholinesterase (AChE) acts, the presynaptic neuron: reabsorbs the acetate. reabsorbs the choline. reabsorbs acetylcholine. reabsorbs synaptic vesicles. Neuronal pools are collections of: efferent neurons. bipolar neurons. motor neurons. interneurons. What ion triggers synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft? magnesium sodium chlorine calcium When a second EPSP arrives at a single synapse before the effects of the first have disappeared, what results? spatial summation hyperpolarization temporal summation inhibition of the impulse Honestech VHS to DVD™ 5.0 – Serial Key Product CodeSears As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases through some links in our articles.
